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--- old/usr/src/man/man1/file.1
+++ new/usr/src/man/man1/file.1
1 1 '\" te
2 2 .\" Copyright 1989 AT&T Copyright (c) 1992, X/Open Company Limited All Rights Reserved Portions Copyright (c) 2006, Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved
3 3 .\" Sun Microsystems, Inc. gratefully acknowledges The Open Group for permission to reproduce portions of its copyrighted documentation. Original documentation from The Open Group can be obtained online at
4 4 .\" http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/.
5 5 .\" The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and The Open Group, have given us permission to reprint portions of their documentation. In the following statement, the phrase "this text" refers to portions of the system documentation. Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form in the Sun OS Reference Manual, from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between these versions and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.
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6 6 .\" This notice shall appear on any product containing this material.
7 7 .\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
8 8 .\" You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
9 9 .\" When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
10 10 .TH FILE 1 "May 15, 2006"
11 11 .SH NAME
12 12 file \- determine file type
13 13 .SH SYNOPSIS
14 14 .LP
15 15 .nf
16 -\fB/usr/bin/file\fR [\fB-dh\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR] \fIfile\fR...
16 +\fB/usr/bin/file\fR [\fB-dhs\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR] \fIfile\fR...
17 17 .fi
18 18
19 19 .LP
20 20 .nf
21 -\fB/usr/bin/file\fR [\fB-dh\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR
21 +\fB/usr/bin/file\fR [\fB-dhs\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR
22 22 .fi
23 23
24 24 .LP
25 25 .nf
26 26 \fB/usr/bin/file\fR \fB-i\fR [\fB-h\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR] \fIfile\fR...
27 27 .fi
28 28
29 29 .LP
30 30 .nf
31 31 \fB/usr/bin/file\fR \fB-i\fR [\fB-h\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR
32 32 .fi
33 33
34 34 .LP
35 35 .nf
36 36 \fB/usr/bin/file\fR \fB-c\fR [\fB-d\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR]
37 37 .fi
38 38
39 39 .LP
40 40 .nf
41 -\fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR [\fB-dh\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR] \fIfile\fR...
41 +\fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR [\fB-dhs\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR] \fIfile\fR...
42 42 .fi
43 43
44 44 .LP
45 45 .nf
46 -\fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR [\fB-dh\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR
46 +\fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR [\fB-das\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR
47 47 .fi
48 48
49 49 .LP
50 50 .nf
51 51 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR \fB-i\fR [\fB-h\fR] [\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR] \fIfile\fR...
52 52 .fi
53 53
54 54 .LP
55 55 .nf
56 56 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR \fB-i\fR [\fB-h\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR
57 57 .fi
58 58
59 59 .LP
60 60 .nf
61 61 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR \fB-c\fR [\fB-d\fR] [\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR] [\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR]
62 62 .fi
63 63
64 64 .SH DESCRIPTION
65 65 .sp
66 66 .LP
67 67 The \fBfile\fR utility performs a series of tests on each file supplied by
68 68 \fIfile\fR and, optionally, on each file listed in \fIffile\fR in an attempt to
69 69 classify it. If the file is not a regular file, its file type is identified.
70 70 The file types directory, \fBFIFO\fR, block special, and character special are
71 71 identified as such. If the file is a regular file and the file is zero-length,
72 72 it is identified as an empty file.
73 73 .sp
74 74 .LP
75 75 If \fIfile\fR appears to be a text file, \fBfile\fR examines the first 512
76 76 bytes and tries to determine its programming language. If \fIfile\fR is a
77 77 symbolic link, by default the link is followed and \fBfile\fR tests the file to
78 78 which the symbolic link refers.
79 79 .sp
80 80 .LP
81 81 If \fIfile\fR is a relocatable object, executable, or shared object, \fBfile\fR
82 82 prints out information about the file's execution requirements. This
83 83 information includes the machine class, byte-ordering, static/dynamic linkage,
84 84 and any software or hardware capability requirements. If \fIfile\fR is a
85 85 runtime linking configuration file, \fBfile\fR prints information about the
86 86 target platform, including the machine class and byte-ordering.
87 87 .sp
88 88 .LP
89 89 By default, \fBfile\fR will try to use the localized magic file
90 90 \fB/usr/lib/locale/\fIlocale\fR/LC_MESSAGES/magic\fR, if it exists, to identify
91 91 files that have a magic number. For example, in the Japanese locale, \fBfile\fR
92 92 will try to use \fB/usr/lib/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/magic\fR. If a localized
93 93 magic file does not exist, \fBfile\fR will utilize \fB/etc/magic\fR. A magic
94 94 number is a numeric or string constant that indicates the file type. See
95 95 \fBmagic\fR(4) for an explanation of the format of \fB/etc/magic\fR.
96 96 .sp
97 97 .LP
98 98 If \fIfile\fR does not exist, cannot be read, or its file status could not be
99 99 determined, it is not considered an error that affects the exit status. The
100 100 output will indicate that the file was processed, but that its type could not
101 101 be determined.
102 102 .SH OPTIONS
103 103 .sp
104 104 .LP
105 105 The following options are supported:
106 106 .sp
107 107 .ne 2
108 108 .na
109 109 \fB\fB-c\fR\fR
110 110 .ad
111 111 .RS 12n
112 112 Checks the magic file for format errors. For reasons of efficiency, this
113 113 validation is normally not carried out.
114 114 .RE
115 115
116 116 .sp
117 117 .ne 2
118 118 .na
119 119 \fB\fB-d\fR\fR
120 120 .ad
121 121 .RS 12n
122 122 Applies any position-sensitive and context-sensitive default system tests to
123 123 the file.
124 124 .RE
125 125
126 126 .sp
127 127 .ne 2
128 128 .na
129 129 \fB\fB-f\fR \fIffile\fR\fR
130 130 .ad
131 131 .RS 12n
132 132 \fIffile\fR contains a list of the files to be examined.
133 133 .RE
134 134
135 135 .sp
136 136 .ne 2
137 137 .na
138 138 \fB\fB-h\fR\fR
139 139 .ad
140 140 .RS 12n
141 141 When a symbolic link is encountered, this option identifies the file as a
142 142 symbolic link. If \fB-h\fR is not specified and \fIfile\fR is a symbolic link
143 143 that refers to a non-existent file, the \fBfile\fR utility identifies the file
144 144 as a symbolic link, as if \fB-h\fR had been specified.
145 145 .RE
146 146
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147 147 .sp
148 148 .ne 2
149 149 .na
150 150 \fB\fB-i\fR\fR
151 151 .ad
152 152 .RS 12n
153 153 If a file is a regular file, this option does not attempt to classify the type
154 154 of file further, but identifies the file as a "regular file".
155 155 .RE
156 156
157 +.sp
158 +.ne 2
159 +.na
160 +\fB\fB-s\fR\fR
161 +.ad
162 +.RS 12n
163 +If a file is a block device or a character device, this option attempts to
164 +classify the contents of the device as if it were a regular file.
165 +.RE
166 +
157 167 .sp
158 168 .ne 2
159 169 .na
160 170 \fB\fB-m\fR \fImfile\fR\fR
161 171 .ad
162 172 .RS 12n
163 173 .sp
164 174 .ne 2
165 175 .na
166 176 \fB\fB/usr/bin/file\fR\fR
167 177 .ad
168 178 .RS 22n
169 179 Uses \fImfile\fR as an alternate magic file, instead of \fB/etc/magic\fR.
170 180 .RE
171 181
172 182 .sp
173 183 .ne 2
174 184 .na
175 185 \fB\fB/usr/xpg4/bin/file\fR\fR
176 186 .ad
177 187 .RS 22n
178 188 Specifies the name of a file containing position-sensitive tests that are
179 189 applied to a file in order to classify it (see \fBmagic\fR(4)). If the \fB-m\fR
180 190 option is specified without specifying the \fB-d\fR option or the \fB-M\fR
181 191 option, position-sensitive default system tests are applied after the
182 192 position-sensitive tests specified by the \fB-m\fR option.
183 193 .RE
184 194
185 195 .RE
186 196
187 197 .sp
188 198 .ne 2
189 199 .na
190 200 \fB\fB-M\fR \fIMfile\fR\fR
191 201 .ad
192 202 .RS 12n
193 203 Specifies the name of a file containing position-sensitive tests that are
194 204 applied to a file in order to classify it (see \fBmagic\fR(4)). No
195 205 position-sensitive default system tests nor context-sensitive default system
196 206 tests are applied unless the \fB-d\fR option is also specified.
197 207 .RE
198 208
199 209 .sp
200 210 .LP
201 211 If the \fB-M\fR option is specified with the \fB-d\fR option, the \fB-m\fR
202 212 option, or both, or if the \fB-m\fR option is specified with the \fB-d\fR
203 213 option, the concatenation of the position-sensitive tests specified by these
204 214 options is applied in the order specified by the appearance of these options.
205 215 .SH OPERANDS
206 216 .sp
207 217 .LP
208 218 The following operands are supported:
209 219 .sp
210 220 .ne 2
211 221 .na
212 222 \fB\fIfile\fR\fR
213 223 .ad
214 224 .RS 8n
215 225 A path name of a file to be tested.
216 226 .RE
217 227
218 228 .SH USAGE
219 229 .sp
220 230 .LP
221 231 See \fBlargefile\fR(5) for the description of the behavior of \fBfile\fR when
222 232 encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).
223 233 .SH EXAMPLES
224 234 .LP
225 235 \fBExample 1 \fRDetermining if an Argument is a Binary Executable Files
226 236 .sp
227 237 .LP
228 238 The following example determine if an argument is a binary executable file:
229 239
230 240 .sp
231 241 .in +2
232 242 .nf
233 243 file "$1" | grep \(miFq executable &&
234 244 printf "%s is executable.\n" "$1"
235 245 .fi
236 246 .in -2
237 247 .sp
238 248
239 249 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
240 250 .sp
241 251 .LP
242 252 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
243 253 that affect the execution of \fBfile\fR: \fBLANG\fR, \fBLC_ALL\fR,
244 254 \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR.
245 255 .SH EXIT STATUS
246 256 .sp
247 257 .LP
248 258 The following exit values are returned:
249 259 .sp
250 260 .ne 2
251 261 .na
252 262 \fB\fB0\fR\fR
253 263 .ad
254 264 .RS 6n
255 265 Successful completion.
256 266 .RE
257 267
258 268 .sp
259 269 .ne 2
260 270 .na
261 271 \fB\fB>0\fR\fR
262 272 .ad
263 273 .RS 6n
264 274 An error occurred.
265 275 .RE
266 276
267 277 .SH FILES
268 278 .sp
269 279 .ne 2
270 280 .na
271 281 \fB\fB/etc/magic\fR\fR
272 282 .ad
273 283 .RS 14n
274 284 \fBfile\fR's magic number file
275 285 .RE
276 286
277 287 .SH ATTRIBUTES
278 288 .sp
279 289 .LP
280 290 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
281 291 .sp
282 292
283 293 .sp
284 294 .TS
285 295 box;
286 296 c | c
287 297 l | l .
288 298 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
289 299 _
290 300 CSI Enabled
291 301 _
292 302 Interface Stability Standard
293 303 .TE
294 304
295 305 .SH SEE ALSO
296 306 .sp
297 307 .LP
298 308 \fBcrle\fR(1), \fBelfdump\fR(1), \fBls\fR(1), \fBmagic\fR(4),
299 309 \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBenviron\fR(5), \fBlargefile\fR(5), \fBstandards\fR(5)
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